There are three principles of fracture management:
- Immobilization
- Reduction
- Rehabilitation
1. Reduction
Reduction is the process of getting the bone fragments into an anatomical rotation and alignment accomplished through;-
a. Closed reduction
Obtained by manual manipulation
Performed under L/A to reduce pain; muscle spasms and relax muscles pulling bone fragments out of position.
b. Open reduction
Involving surgical interventions
Used where muscles attached to the bones are numerous and powerful
In open wounds after surgical toilet
2. Immobilization
Immobilization is the process of keeping fragmented ends of bones still and stable until healing takes place.
The means by which reduction is maintained is achieved through:-
a. External splinting e.g. P.O.P, traction, splints
b. Internal splinting e.g. internal or external fixation
External Fixation
The fracture is reduced, aligned, and immobilized by a series of pins inserted into bone fragments.
